# Chapter 4: Classical Statistical Inference This chapter develops the classical or “frequentist” approach to statistics. ```{toctree} --- maxdepth: 1 --- astroml_chapter4_Maximum_Likelihood_Estimation_and_Goodness_of_fit astroml_chapter4_Gaussian_mixtures astroml_chapter4_Confidence_estimates astroml_chapter4_Hypothesis_testing astroml_chapter4_Comparison_of_distributions ```